Error on executing Steam Play game via command-line (Proton)












7















Recently Steam released Steam Play, which uses their fork of Wine hosted by Steam called Proton (GitHub) to allow us to play our complete games library under Linux. It creates wineprefixes for all of your games that don't already have a Linux port and works a far cry better than wine.



I'm trying to run Supreme Commander - Forged Alliance (Steam App ID: 9420) and play it on its unofficial multiplayer client, FAF. The game used to work with Wine, but now has a number of issues (for example, fullscreen doesn't work and high tendency to blackscreen in windowed). But it does work with Proton.



What I'm trying to do here is run this specific Steam game via terminal, not via Steam's GUI.



My intent isn't to circumvent Steam DRM, which running the games via terminal likely wouldn't accomplish anyways, but to run it with dynamic arguments. This will allow setting up multiplayer matches. This will be applied to other games in the future.





But I'm running into trouble when running in the terminal:



cd ~/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton*
STEAM_COMPAT_DATA_PATH=/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/compatdata/9420 ./proton run /home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Supreme Commander Forged Alliance/bin/SupremeCommander.exe


I get an Error window: "Application load error P : 0000065615" and closing this simply brings me back to terminal with no extra output.
I've experimented with other games:




  1. Age of Empires 2 HD fails, but with a much more verbose error message window stating steam must be running, but I had Steam running at the time (and it would run if I clicked the play button in Steam).


  2. Bannerman: there is no message at all and even less terminal verbose.



  3. Shadow Complex Remastered gets an actual loader screen of the game, runs for about two seconds then crashes with an error:



    CAppInfoCacheReadFromDiskThread took 3 milliseconds to initialize
    CApplicationManagerPopulateThread took 7 milliseconds to initialize (will have waited on CAppInfoCacheReadFromDiskThread)



So no game seems to run successfully via this method.





Maybe some potential here UPDATE 3/10/2018:



WINEPREFIX="/home/t/fa-wineprefix/":"/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/lib/wine winecfg"
PATH="/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/bin/:$PATH"
export WINEDLLPATH="/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/lib64/wine:/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/lib/wine"
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/lib64:/path/to/steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/lib:/usr/lib/steam:/usr/lib32/steam"
WINEPREFIX="/home/t/fa-wineprefix/" "/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/bin/./wine" "/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Supreme Commander Forged Alliance/bin/SupremeCommander.exe"


but this method fails at the last command with this error window:




Application load error P:0000065434




as well as some terminal output:



001f:err:module:load_builtin_dll failed to load .so lib for builtin L"winebus.sys": libudev.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
001f:err:ntoskrnl:ZwLoadDriver failed to create driver L"\Registry\Machine\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\WineBus": c0000142
001f:err:winedevice:create_driver failed to create driver L"WineBus": c0000142
0013:err:service:process_send_command service protocol error - failed to write pipe!
000d:fixme:service:scmdatabase_autostart_services Auto-start service L"WineBus" failed to start: 1114
0009:err:module:load_library somehow failed to load steamclient


so now we know more about the issue. it seems despite steam being running and every measure to let it know where steam is it does not find steam.



I also tried the same thing from inside the proton folder with the same result.





Some new potential here UPDATE 3/10/2018 :



the trick he mentions is creating a small python script protonRunner.py:



#!/usr/bin/env python

import os
import sys

home = os.environ["HOME"]
os.environ["STEAM_COMPAT_DATA_PATH"] = home + "/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/compatdata/9420"

run = "run"
exe = """ + home + "/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Supreme Commander Forged Alliance/bin/SupremeCommander.exe""

cmd = """ + home + "/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/proton" " + run + " " + exe

for arg in sys.argv[1:]:
cmd += " " + arg

os.system(cmd)


supcomFA.desktop:



[Desktop Entry]
Name=SupremeCommander
Exec=python $HOME/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/protonRunner.py
Icon=/home/t/.local/share/icons/supcom.png
Type=Application
Encoding=UTF-8
Version=1.0
Terminal=true


doing this accomplishes the same error message:




Application load error P:0000065434






TL;DR: How to run a Windows Steam game (that manages to run via Proton on Linux) from the terminal.










share|improve this question




















  • 1





    Related and likely helpful: chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/46882631#46882631

    – David Foerster
    Oct 2 '18 at 18:29






  • 2





    Knowing nothing about Steam, I have a suggestion on how you might be able to get some progress: start the game via proton as you'd normally do. Then do a ps faux. Carefully inspect the Proton processes you see, how stuff gets started, maybe there are some useful parameters there. Then note the PIDs of all the processes. Go to /proc/$PID and have a look around the stuff there, especially cwd, environment etc. You wanna try to set up the environment exactly as Valve does.

    – Tomáš Pospíšek
    Oct 2 '18 at 21:35








  • 3





    FYI: if you didn't export the WINEDLLPATH and LD_LIBRARY_PATH variables, they wouldn't affect the wine command ran later. Also, you shouldn't use both quotes and backslashes in the file path. Prefer only quotes: WINEPREFIX="/home/t/fa-wineprefix/" "/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/bin/./wine" "/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Supreme Commander Forged Alliance/bin/SupremeCommander.exe" Also, the line "maybe some potential here" seems to link to screenshot of the error you got earlier. Did you make a mistake with the link?

    – muru
    Oct 3 '18 at 0:22








  • 2





    @muru fixed the link. thanks for your edits. I'm always either too unspecific or too detailed and overdrawn. I'm just an all around bad writer. and thanks for your suggestion. I'll experiment with export tonight when I get home.

    – tatsu
    Oct 3 '18 at 7:36











  • @muru hey! I tried both the exports and removing the backslashes as well as the other method i found. since i'm still coming up on the same error in both cases I think I have to assume this would correctly run the game but this "steam not found running" thing must become the real issue now. any ideas?

    – tatsu
    Oct 3 '18 at 18:51
















7















Recently Steam released Steam Play, which uses their fork of Wine hosted by Steam called Proton (GitHub) to allow us to play our complete games library under Linux. It creates wineprefixes for all of your games that don't already have a Linux port and works a far cry better than wine.



I'm trying to run Supreme Commander - Forged Alliance (Steam App ID: 9420) and play it on its unofficial multiplayer client, FAF. The game used to work with Wine, but now has a number of issues (for example, fullscreen doesn't work and high tendency to blackscreen in windowed). But it does work with Proton.



What I'm trying to do here is run this specific Steam game via terminal, not via Steam's GUI.



My intent isn't to circumvent Steam DRM, which running the games via terminal likely wouldn't accomplish anyways, but to run it with dynamic arguments. This will allow setting up multiplayer matches. This will be applied to other games in the future.





But I'm running into trouble when running in the terminal:



cd ~/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton*
STEAM_COMPAT_DATA_PATH=/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/compatdata/9420 ./proton run /home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Supreme Commander Forged Alliance/bin/SupremeCommander.exe


I get an Error window: "Application load error P : 0000065615" and closing this simply brings me back to terminal with no extra output.
I've experimented with other games:




  1. Age of Empires 2 HD fails, but with a much more verbose error message window stating steam must be running, but I had Steam running at the time (and it would run if I clicked the play button in Steam).


  2. Bannerman: there is no message at all and even less terminal verbose.



  3. Shadow Complex Remastered gets an actual loader screen of the game, runs for about two seconds then crashes with an error:



    CAppInfoCacheReadFromDiskThread took 3 milliseconds to initialize
    CApplicationManagerPopulateThread took 7 milliseconds to initialize (will have waited on CAppInfoCacheReadFromDiskThread)



So no game seems to run successfully via this method.





Maybe some potential here UPDATE 3/10/2018:



WINEPREFIX="/home/t/fa-wineprefix/":"/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/lib/wine winecfg"
PATH="/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/bin/:$PATH"
export WINEDLLPATH="/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/lib64/wine:/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/lib/wine"
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/lib64:/path/to/steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/lib:/usr/lib/steam:/usr/lib32/steam"
WINEPREFIX="/home/t/fa-wineprefix/" "/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/bin/./wine" "/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Supreme Commander Forged Alliance/bin/SupremeCommander.exe"


but this method fails at the last command with this error window:




Application load error P:0000065434




as well as some terminal output:



001f:err:module:load_builtin_dll failed to load .so lib for builtin L"winebus.sys": libudev.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
001f:err:ntoskrnl:ZwLoadDriver failed to create driver L"\Registry\Machine\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\WineBus": c0000142
001f:err:winedevice:create_driver failed to create driver L"WineBus": c0000142
0013:err:service:process_send_command service protocol error - failed to write pipe!
000d:fixme:service:scmdatabase_autostart_services Auto-start service L"WineBus" failed to start: 1114
0009:err:module:load_library somehow failed to load steamclient


so now we know more about the issue. it seems despite steam being running and every measure to let it know where steam is it does not find steam.



I also tried the same thing from inside the proton folder with the same result.





Some new potential here UPDATE 3/10/2018 :



the trick he mentions is creating a small python script protonRunner.py:



#!/usr/bin/env python

import os
import sys

home = os.environ["HOME"]
os.environ["STEAM_COMPAT_DATA_PATH"] = home + "/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/compatdata/9420"

run = "run"
exe = """ + home + "/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Supreme Commander Forged Alliance/bin/SupremeCommander.exe""

cmd = """ + home + "/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/proton" " + run + " " + exe

for arg in sys.argv[1:]:
cmd += " " + arg

os.system(cmd)


supcomFA.desktop:



[Desktop Entry]
Name=SupremeCommander
Exec=python $HOME/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/protonRunner.py
Icon=/home/t/.local/share/icons/supcom.png
Type=Application
Encoding=UTF-8
Version=1.0
Terminal=true


doing this accomplishes the same error message:




Application load error P:0000065434






TL;DR: How to run a Windows Steam game (that manages to run via Proton on Linux) from the terminal.










share|improve this question




















  • 1





    Related and likely helpful: chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/46882631#46882631

    – David Foerster
    Oct 2 '18 at 18:29






  • 2





    Knowing nothing about Steam, I have a suggestion on how you might be able to get some progress: start the game via proton as you'd normally do. Then do a ps faux. Carefully inspect the Proton processes you see, how stuff gets started, maybe there are some useful parameters there. Then note the PIDs of all the processes. Go to /proc/$PID and have a look around the stuff there, especially cwd, environment etc. You wanna try to set up the environment exactly as Valve does.

    – Tomáš Pospíšek
    Oct 2 '18 at 21:35








  • 3





    FYI: if you didn't export the WINEDLLPATH and LD_LIBRARY_PATH variables, they wouldn't affect the wine command ran later. Also, you shouldn't use both quotes and backslashes in the file path. Prefer only quotes: WINEPREFIX="/home/t/fa-wineprefix/" "/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/bin/./wine" "/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Supreme Commander Forged Alliance/bin/SupremeCommander.exe" Also, the line "maybe some potential here" seems to link to screenshot of the error you got earlier. Did you make a mistake with the link?

    – muru
    Oct 3 '18 at 0:22








  • 2





    @muru fixed the link. thanks for your edits. I'm always either too unspecific or too detailed and overdrawn. I'm just an all around bad writer. and thanks for your suggestion. I'll experiment with export tonight when I get home.

    – tatsu
    Oct 3 '18 at 7:36











  • @muru hey! I tried both the exports and removing the backslashes as well as the other method i found. since i'm still coming up on the same error in both cases I think I have to assume this would correctly run the game but this "steam not found running" thing must become the real issue now. any ideas?

    – tatsu
    Oct 3 '18 at 18:51














7












7








7


1






Recently Steam released Steam Play, which uses their fork of Wine hosted by Steam called Proton (GitHub) to allow us to play our complete games library under Linux. It creates wineprefixes for all of your games that don't already have a Linux port and works a far cry better than wine.



I'm trying to run Supreme Commander - Forged Alliance (Steam App ID: 9420) and play it on its unofficial multiplayer client, FAF. The game used to work with Wine, but now has a number of issues (for example, fullscreen doesn't work and high tendency to blackscreen in windowed). But it does work with Proton.



What I'm trying to do here is run this specific Steam game via terminal, not via Steam's GUI.



My intent isn't to circumvent Steam DRM, which running the games via terminal likely wouldn't accomplish anyways, but to run it with dynamic arguments. This will allow setting up multiplayer matches. This will be applied to other games in the future.





But I'm running into trouble when running in the terminal:



cd ~/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton*
STEAM_COMPAT_DATA_PATH=/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/compatdata/9420 ./proton run /home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Supreme Commander Forged Alliance/bin/SupremeCommander.exe


I get an Error window: "Application load error P : 0000065615" and closing this simply brings me back to terminal with no extra output.
I've experimented with other games:




  1. Age of Empires 2 HD fails, but with a much more verbose error message window stating steam must be running, but I had Steam running at the time (and it would run if I clicked the play button in Steam).


  2. Bannerman: there is no message at all and even less terminal verbose.



  3. Shadow Complex Remastered gets an actual loader screen of the game, runs for about two seconds then crashes with an error:



    CAppInfoCacheReadFromDiskThread took 3 milliseconds to initialize
    CApplicationManagerPopulateThread took 7 milliseconds to initialize (will have waited on CAppInfoCacheReadFromDiskThread)



So no game seems to run successfully via this method.





Maybe some potential here UPDATE 3/10/2018:



WINEPREFIX="/home/t/fa-wineprefix/":"/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/lib/wine winecfg"
PATH="/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/bin/:$PATH"
export WINEDLLPATH="/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/lib64/wine:/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/lib/wine"
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/lib64:/path/to/steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/lib:/usr/lib/steam:/usr/lib32/steam"
WINEPREFIX="/home/t/fa-wineprefix/" "/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/bin/./wine" "/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Supreme Commander Forged Alliance/bin/SupremeCommander.exe"


but this method fails at the last command with this error window:




Application load error P:0000065434




as well as some terminal output:



001f:err:module:load_builtin_dll failed to load .so lib for builtin L"winebus.sys": libudev.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
001f:err:ntoskrnl:ZwLoadDriver failed to create driver L"\Registry\Machine\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\WineBus": c0000142
001f:err:winedevice:create_driver failed to create driver L"WineBus": c0000142
0013:err:service:process_send_command service protocol error - failed to write pipe!
000d:fixme:service:scmdatabase_autostart_services Auto-start service L"WineBus" failed to start: 1114
0009:err:module:load_library somehow failed to load steamclient


so now we know more about the issue. it seems despite steam being running and every measure to let it know where steam is it does not find steam.



I also tried the same thing from inside the proton folder with the same result.





Some new potential here UPDATE 3/10/2018 :



the trick he mentions is creating a small python script protonRunner.py:



#!/usr/bin/env python

import os
import sys

home = os.environ["HOME"]
os.environ["STEAM_COMPAT_DATA_PATH"] = home + "/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/compatdata/9420"

run = "run"
exe = """ + home + "/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Supreme Commander Forged Alliance/bin/SupremeCommander.exe""

cmd = """ + home + "/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/proton" " + run + " " + exe

for arg in sys.argv[1:]:
cmd += " " + arg

os.system(cmd)


supcomFA.desktop:



[Desktop Entry]
Name=SupremeCommander
Exec=python $HOME/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/protonRunner.py
Icon=/home/t/.local/share/icons/supcom.png
Type=Application
Encoding=UTF-8
Version=1.0
Terminal=true


doing this accomplishes the same error message:




Application load error P:0000065434






TL;DR: How to run a Windows Steam game (that manages to run via Proton on Linux) from the terminal.










share|improve this question
















Recently Steam released Steam Play, which uses their fork of Wine hosted by Steam called Proton (GitHub) to allow us to play our complete games library under Linux. It creates wineprefixes for all of your games that don't already have a Linux port and works a far cry better than wine.



I'm trying to run Supreme Commander - Forged Alliance (Steam App ID: 9420) and play it on its unofficial multiplayer client, FAF. The game used to work with Wine, but now has a number of issues (for example, fullscreen doesn't work and high tendency to blackscreen in windowed). But it does work with Proton.



What I'm trying to do here is run this specific Steam game via terminal, not via Steam's GUI.



My intent isn't to circumvent Steam DRM, which running the games via terminal likely wouldn't accomplish anyways, but to run it with dynamic arguments. This will allow setting up multiplayer matches. This will be applied to other games in the future.





But I'm running into trouble when running in the terminal:



cd ~/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton*
STEAM_COMPAT_DATA_PATH=/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/compatdata/9420 ./proton run /home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Supreme Commander Forged Alliance/bin/SupremeCommander.exe


I get an Error window: "Application load error P : 0000065615" and closing this simply brings me back to terminal with no extra output.
I've experimented with other games:




  1. Age of Empires 2 HD fails, but with a much more verbose error message window stating steam must be running, but I had Steam running at the time (and it would run if I clicked the play button in Steam).


  2. Bannerman: there is no message at all and even less terminal verbose.



  3. Shadow Complex Remastered gets an actual loader screen of the game, runs for about two seconds then crashes with an error:



    CAppInfoCacheReadFromDiskThread took 3 milliseconds to initialize
    CApplicationManagerPopulateThread took 7 milliseconds to initialize (will have waited on CAppInfoCacheReadFromDiskThread)



So no game seems to run successfully via this method.





Maybe some potential here UPDATE 3/10/2018:



WINEPREFIX="/home/t/fa-wineprefix/":"/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/lib/wine winecfg"
PATH="/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/bin/:$PATH"
export WINEDLLPATH="/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/lib64/wine:/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/lib/wine"
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/lib64:/path/to/steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/lib:/usr/lib/steam:/usr/lib32/steam"
WINEPREFIX="/home/t/fa-wineprefix/" "/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/bin/./wine" "/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Supreme Commander Forged Alliance/bin/SupremeCommander.exe"


but this method fails at the last command with this error window:




Application load error P:0000065434




as well as some terminal output:



001f:err:module:load_builtin_dll failed to load .so lib for builtin L"winebus.sys": libudev.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
001f:err:ntoskrnl:ZwLoadDriver failed to create driver L"\Registry\Machine\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\WineBus": c0000142
001f:err:winedevice:create_driver failed to create driver L"WineBus": c0000142
0013:err:service:process_send_command service protocol error - failed to write pipe!
000d:fixme:service:scmdatabase_autostart_services Auto-start service L"WineBus" failed to start: 1114
0009:err:module:load_library somehow failed to load steamclient


so now we know more about the issue. it seems despite steam being running and every measure to let it know where steam is it does not find steam.



I also tried the same thing from inside the proton folder with the same result.





Some new potential here UPDATE 3/10/2018 :



the trick he mentions is creating a small python script protonRunner.py:



#!/usr/bin/env python

import os
import sys

home = os.environ["HOME"]
os.environ["STEAM_COMPAT_DATA_PATH"] = home + "/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/compatdata/9420"

run = "run"
exe = """ + home + "/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Supreme Commander Forged Alliance/bin/SupremeCommander.exe""

cmd = """ + home + "/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/proton" " + run + " " + exe

for arg in sys.argv[1:]:
cmd += " " + arg

os.system(cmd)


supcomFA.desktop:



[Desktop Entry]
Name=SupremeCommander
Exec=python $HOME/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/protonRunner.py
Icon=/home/t/.local/share/icons/supcom.png
Type=Application
Encoding=UTF-8
Version=1.0
Terminal=true


doing this accomplishes the same error message:




Application load error P:0000065434






TL;DR: How to run a Windows Steam game (that manages to run via Proton on Linux) from the terminal.







command-line wine games steam






share|improve this question















share|improve this question













share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited Oct 4 '18 at 7:52









David Foerster

28.2k1365111




28.2k1365111










asked Sep 29 '18 at 10:47









tatsutatsu

203331




203331








  • 1





    Related and likely helpful: chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/46882631#46882631

    – David Foerster
    Oct 2 '18 at 18:29






  • 2





    Knowing nothing about Steam, I have a suggestion on how you might be able to get some progress: start the game via proton as you'd normally do. Then do a ps faux. Carefully inspect the Proton processes you see, how stuff gets started, maybe there are some useful parameters there. Then note the PIDs of all the processes. Go to /proc/$PID and have a look around the stuff there, especially cwd, environment etc. You wanna try to set up the environment exactly as Valve does.

    – Tomáš Pospíšek
    Oct 2 '18 at 21:35








  • 3





    FYI: if you didn't export the WINEDLLPATH and LD_LIBRARY_PATH variables, they wouldn't affect the wine command ran later. Also, you shouldn't use both quotes and backslashes in the file path. Prefer only quotes: WINEPREFIX="/home/t/fa-wineprefix/" "/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/bin/./wine" "/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Supreme Commander Forged Alliance/bin/SupremeCommander.exe" Also, the line "maybe some potential here" seems to link to screenshot of the error you got earlier. Did you make a mistake with the link?

    – muru
    Oct 3 '18 at 0:22








  • 2





    @muru fixed the link. thanks for your edits. I'm always either too unspecific or too detailed and overdrawn. I'm just an all around bad writer. and thanks for your suggestion. I'll experiment with export tonight when I get home.

    – tatsu
    Oct 3 '18 at 7:36











  • @muru hey! I tried both the exports and removing the backslashes as well as the other method i found. since i'm still coming up on the same error in both cases I think I have to assume this would correctly run the game but this "steam not found running" thing must become the real issue now. any ideas?

    – tatsu
    Oct 3 '18 at 18:51














  • 1





    Related and likely helpful: chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/46882631#46882631

    – David Foerster
    Oct 2 '18 at 18:29






  • 2





    Knowing nothing about Steam, I have a suggestion on how you might be able to get some progress: start the game via proton as you'd normally do. Then do a ps faux. Carefully inspect the Proton processes you see, how stuff gets started, maybe there are some useful parameters there. Then note the PIDs of all the processes. Go to /proc/$PID and have a look around the stuff there, especially cwd, environment etc. You wanna try to set up the environment exactly as Valve does.

    – Tomáš Pospíšek
    Oct 2 '18 at 21:35








  • 3





    FYI: if you didn't export the WINEDLLPATH and LD_LIBRARY_PATH variables, they wouldn't affect the wine command ran later. Also, you shouldn't use both quotes and backslashes in the file path. Prefer only quotes: WINEPREFIX="/home/t/fa-wineprefix/" "/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/bin/./wine" "/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Supreme Commander Forged Alliance/bin/SupremeCommander.exe" Also, the line "maybe some potential here" seems to link to screenshot of the error you got earlier. Did you make a mistake with the link?

    – muru
    Oct 3 '18 at 0:22








  • 2





    @muru fixed the link. thanks for your edits. I'm always either too unspecific or too detailed and overdrawn. I'm just an all around bad writer. and thanks for your suggestion. I'll experiment with export tonight when I get home.

    – tatsu
    Oct 3 '18 at 7:36











  • @muru hey! I tried both the exports and removing the backslashes as well as the other method i found. since i'm still coming up on the same error in both cases I think I have to assume this would correctly run the game but this "steam not found running" thing must become the real issue now. any ideas?

    – tatsu
    Oct 3 '18 at 18:51








1




1





Related and likely helpful: chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/46882631#46882631

– David Foerster
Oct 2 '18 at 18:29





Related and likely helpful: chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/46882631#46882631

– David Foerster
Oct 2 '18 at 18:29




2




2





Knowing nothing about Steam, I have a suggestion on how you might be able to get some progress: start the game via proton as you'd normally do. Then do a ps faux. Carefully inspect the Proton processes you see, how stuff gets started, maybe there are some useful parameters there. Then note the PIDs of all the processes. Go to /proc/$PID and have a look around the stuff there, especially cwd, environment etc. You wanna try to set up the environment exactly as Valve does.

– Tomáš Pospíšek
Oct 2 '18 at 21:35







Knowing nothing about Steam, I have a suggestion on how you might be able to get some progress: start the game via proton as you'd normally do. Then do a ps faux. Carefully inspect the Proton processes you see, how stuff gets started, maybe there are some useful parameters there. Then note the PIDs of all the processes. Go to /proc/$PID and have a look around the stuff there, especially cwd, environment etc. You wanna try to set up the environment exactly as Valve does.

– Tomáš Pospíšek
Oct 2 '18 at 21:35






3




3





FYI: if you didn't export the WINEDLLPATH and LD_LIBRARY_PATH variables, they wouldn't affect the wine command ran later. Also, you shouldn't use both quotes and backslashes in the file path. Prefer only quotes: WINEPREFIX="/home/t/fa-wineprefix/" "/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/bin/./wine" "/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Supreme Commander Forged Alliance/bin/SupremeCommander.exe" Also, the line "maybe some potential here" seems to link to screenshot of the error you got earlier. Did you make a mistake with the link?

– muru
Oct 3 '18 at 0:22







FYI: if you didn't export the WINEDLLPATH and LD_LIBRARY_PATH variables, they wouldn't affect the wine command ran later. Also, you shouldn't use both quotes and backslashes in the file path. Prefer only quotes: WINEPREFIX="/home/t/fa-wineprefix/" "/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/bin/./wine" "/home/t/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Supreme Commander Forged Alliance/bin/SupremeCommander.exe" Also, the line "maybe some potential here" seems to link to screenshot of the error you got earlier. Did you make a mistake with the link?

– muru
Oct 3 '18 at 0:22






2




2





@muru fixed the link. thanks for your edits. I'm always either too unspecific or too detailed and overdrawn. I'm just an all around bad writer. and thanks for your suggestion. I'll experiment with export tonight when I get home.

– tatsu
Oct 3 '18 at 7:36





@muru fixed the link. thanks for your edits. I'm always either too unspecific or too detailed and overdrawn. I'm just an all around bad writer. and thanks for your suggestion. I'll experiment with export tonight when I get home.

– tatsu
Oct 3 '18 at 7:36













@muru hey! I tried both the exports and removing the backslashes as well as the other method i found. since i'm still coming up on the same error in both cases I think I have to assume this would correctly run the game but this "steam not found running" thing must become the real issue now. any ideas?

– tatsu
Oct 3 '18 at 18:51





@muru hey! I tried both the exports and removing the backslashes as well as the other method i found. since i'm still coming up on the same error in both cases I think I have to assume this would correctly run the game but this "steam not found running" thing must become the real issue now. any ideas?

– tatsu
Oct 3 '18 at 18:51










2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















1














Here's an experiment that may help you get the answer. For convenience, I'll refer to your default Steam library location as $STEAM (the default is ~/.local/share/Steam/). Proton is installed by default to $STEAM/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7, I'll call this $PROTON.



So, when I tried running The Witcher, Steam ran this command:





"$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader" "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine" "Z:$STEAMsteamappscommonThe Witcher Enhanced EditionSystemwitcher.exe"


Where $STEAM has backslashes instead of slashes, as it's a Windows path. In addition, it set something like 70 environment variables (related to Wine, Steam, various hardware/drivers, libraries, etc.). A single variable, WINESERVERSOCKET referred to the wine server started for this instance. If I omitted this variable and used all the rest, I could start the game from the command line.



Steps:





  1. Replace $PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader with a wrapper script that saves the environment somewhere:



    PROTON="$HOME/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7" # adjust to your settings
    mv "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader" "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader-orig"
    printf "%sn" '#! /bin/sh' 'env --null | grep -vz WINESERVERSOCKET > ~/env' > "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader"
    printf 'exec %q "$@"n' "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader-orig" >> "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader"
    chmod +x "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader"


    The script is essentially this:



    #! /bin/sh
    env --null | grep -vz WINESERVERSOCKET= > ~/env
    printf "%s" "$0"-orig "$@" > ~/cmd
    exec /home/user/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/bin/wine-preloader-orig "$@"


    It saves the environment, except for WINESERVERSOCKET, in ~/env, the command to run and arguments in ~/cmd and runs the actual file with the arguments provided. It uses ASCII null characters to separate everything, since the actual environment variables may contain newlines.



    Note that I save the command with -orig added for convenience.



  2. Run the game from the Steam GUI. The wrapper script will create these files.



  3. You can load the environment and run the command from these files. In bash



    mapfile -d '' -t env < ~/env
    mapfile -d '' -t cmd < ~/cmd
    env "${env[@]}" "${cmd[@]}"


    -d '' here tells bash the files use the ASCII null character as delimiter.




This much was sufficient for The Witcher to run for me. All of those environment variables probably won't be necessary. I leave it to you to test which aren't.





Of course, all of these might be completely unnecessary. Looking at Steam's command-line options, we have:



-applaunch <appID> [launch parameters]  Launches an Game or Application through Steam.


And when I ran:



steam -applaunch 20900 foo bar


the Wine command was:



"$PROTON/dist/bin/wine" "Z:$STEAMsteamappscommonThe Witcher Enhanced EditionSystemwitcher.exe" foo bar


So Steam did pass on foo and bar as arguments to the game. This might be all you need.






share|improve this answer

































    0














    I have found the solution thanks to some help by aeikum on the steam proton github :



    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4B6EsXtL8C0






    share|improve this answer























      Your Answer








      StackExchange.ready(function() {
      var channelOptions = {
      tags: "".split(" "),
      id: "89"
      };
      initTagRenderer("".split(" "), "".split(" "), channelOptions);

      StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function() {
      // Have to fire editor after snippets, if snippets enabled
      if (StackExchange.settings.snippets.snippetsEnabled) {
      StackExchange.using("snippets", function() {
      createEditor();
      });
      }
      else {
      createEditor();
      }
      });

      function createEditor() {
      StackExchange.prepareEditor({
      heartbeatType: 'answer',
      autoActivateHeartbeat: false,
      convertImagesToLinks: true,
      noModals: true,
      showLowRepImageUploadWarning: true,
      reputationToPostImages: 10,
      bindNavPrevention: true,
      postfix: "",
      imageUploader: {
      brandingHtml: "Powered by u003ca class="icon-imgur-white" href="https://imgur.com/"u003eu003c/au003e",
      contentPolicyHtml: "User contributions licensed under u003ca href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"u003ecc by-sa 3.0 with attribution requiredu003c/au003e u003ca href="https://stackoverflow.com/legal/content-policy"u003e(content policy)u003c/au003e",
      allowUrls: true
      },
      onDemand: true,
      discardSelector: ".discard-answer"
      ,immediatelyShowMarkdownHelp:true
      });


      }
      });














      draft saved

      draft discarded


















      StackExchange.ready(
      function () {
      StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2faskubuntu.com%2fquestions%2f1079459%2ferror-on-executing-steam-play-game-via-command-line-proton%23new-answer', 'question_page');
      }
      );

      Post as a guest















      Required, but never shown

























      2 Answers
      2






      active

      oldest

      votes








      2 Answers
      2






      active

      oldest

      votes









      active

      oldest

      votes






      active

      oldest

      votes









      1














      Here's an experiment that may help you get the answer. For convenience, I'll refer to your default Steam library location as $STEAM (the default is ~/.local/share/Steam/). Proton is installed by default to $STEAM/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7, I'll call this $PROTON.



      So, when I tried running The Witcher, Steam ran this command:





      "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader" "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine" "Z:$STEAMsteamappscommonThe Witcher Enhanced EditionSystemwitcher.exe"


      Where $STEAM has backslashes instead of slashes, as it's a Windows path. In addition, it set something like 70 environment variables (related to Wine, Steam, various hardware/drivers, libraries, etc.). A single variable, WINESERVERSOCKET referred to the wine server started for this instance. If I omitted this variable and used all the rest, I could start the game from the command line.



      Steps:





      1. Replace $PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader with a wrapper script that saves the environment somewhere:



        PROTON="$HOME/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7" # adjust to your settings
        mv "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader" "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader-orig"
        printf "%sn" '#! /bin/sh' 'env --null | grep -vz WINESERVERSOCKET > ~/env' > "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader"
        printf 'exec %q "$@"n' "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader-orig" >> "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader"
        chmod +x "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader"


        The script is essentially this:



        #! /bin/sh
        env --null | grep -vz WINESERVERSOCKET= > ~/env
        printf "%s" "$0"-orig "$@" > ~/cmd
        exec /home/user/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/bin/wine-preloader-orig "$@"


        It saves the environment, except for WINESERVERSOCKET, in ~/env, the command to run and arguments in ~/cmd and runs the actual file with the arguments provided. It uses ASCII null characters to separate everything, since the actual environment variables may contain newlines.



        Note that I save the command with -orig added for convenience.



      2. Run the game from the Steam GUI. The wrapper script will create these files.



      3. You can load the environment and run the command from these files. In bash



        mapfile -d '' -t env < ~/env
        mapfile -d '' -t cmd < ~/cmd
        env "${env[@]}" "${cmd[@]}"


        -d '' here tells bash the files use the ASCII null character as delimiter.




      This much was sufficient for The Witcher to run for me. All of those environment variables probably won't be necessary. I leave it to you to test which aren't.





      Of course, all of these might be completely unnecessary. Looking at Steam's command-line options, we have:



      -applaunch <appID> [launch parameters]  Launches an Game or Application through Steam.


      And when I ran:



      steam -applaunch 20900 foo bar


      the Wine command was:



      "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine" "Z:$STEAMsteamappscommonThe Witcher Enhanced EditionSystemwitcher.exe" foo bar


      So Steam did pass on foo and bar as arguments to the game. This might be all you need.






      share|improve this answer






























        1














        Here's an experiment that may help you get the answer. For convenience, I'll refer to your default Steam library location as $STEAM (the default is ~/.local/share/Steam/). Proton is installed by default to $STEAM/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7, I'll call this $PROTON.



        So, when I tried running The Witcher, Steam ran this command:





        "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader" "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine" "Z:$STEAMsteamappscommonThe Witcher Enhanced EditionSystemwitcher.exe"


        Where $STEAM has backslashes instead of slashes, as it's a Windows path. In addition, it set something like 70 environment variables (related to Wine, Steam, various hardware/drivers, libraries, etc.). A single variable, WINESERVERSOCKET referred to the wine server started for this instance. If I omitted this variable and used all the rest, I could start the game from the command line.



        Steps:





        1. Replace $PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader with a wrapper script that saves the environment somewhere:



          PROTON="$HOME/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7" # adjust to your settings
          mv "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader" "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader-orig"
          printf "%sn" '#! /bin/sh' 'env --null | grep -vz WINESERVERSOCKET > ~/env' > "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader"
          printf 'exec %q "$@"n' "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader-orig" >> "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader"
          chmod +x "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader"


          The script is essentially this:



          #! /bin/sh
          env --null | grep -vz WINESERVERSOCKET= > ~/env
          printf "%s" "$0"-orig "$@" > ~/cmd
          exec /home/user/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/bin/wine-preloader-orig "$@"


          It saves the environment, except for WINESERVERSOCKET, in ~/env, the command to run and arguments in ~/cmd and runs the actual file with the arguments provided. It uses ASCII null characters to separate everything, since the actual environment variables may contain newlines.



          Note that I save the command with -orig added for convenience.



        2. Run the game from the Steam GUI. The wrapper script will create these files.



        3. You can load the environment and run the command from these files. In bash



          mapfile -d '' -t env < ~/env
          mapfile -d '' -t cmd < ~/cmd
          env "${env[@]}" "${cmd[@]}"


          -d '' here tells bash the files use the ASCII null character as delimiter.




        This much was sufficient for The Witcher to run for me. All of those environment variables probably won't be necessary. I leave it to you to test which aren't.





        Of course, all of these might be completely unnecessary. Looking at Steam's command-line options, we have:



        -applaunch <appID> [launch parameters]  Launches an Game or Application through Steam.


        And when I ran:



        steam -applaunch 20900 foo bar


        the Wine command was:



        "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine" "Z:$STEAMsteamappscommonThe Witcher Enhanced EditionSystemwitcher.exe" foo bar


        So Steam did pass on foo and bar as arguments to the game. This might be all you need.






        share|improve this answer




























          1












          1








          1







          Here's an experiment that may help you get the answer. For convenience, I'll refer to your default Steam library location as $STEAM (the default is ~/.local/share/Steam/). Proton is installed by default to $STEAM/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7, I'll call this $PROTON.



          So, when I tried running The Witcher, Steam ran this command:





          "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader" "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine" "Z:$STEAMsteamappscommonThe Witcher Enhanced EditionSystemwitcher.exe"


          Where $STEAM has backslashes instead of slashes, as it's a Windows path. In addition, it set something like 70 environment variables (related to Wine, Steam, various hardware/drivers, libraries, etc.). A single variable, WINESERVERSOCKET referred to the wine server started for this instance. If I omitted this variable and used all the rest, I could start the game from the command line.



          Steps:





          1. Replace $PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader with a wrapper script that saves the environment somewhere:



            PROTON="$HOME/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7" # adjust to your settings
            mv "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader" "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader-orig"
            printf "%sn" '#! /bin/sh' 'env --null | grep -vz WINESERVERSOCKET > ~/env' > "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader"
            printf 'exec %q "$@"n' "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader-orig" >> "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader"
            chmod +x "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader"


            The script is essentially this:



            #! /bin/sh
            env --null | grep -vz WINESERVERSOCKET= > ~/env
            printf "%s" "$0"-orig "$@" > ~/cmd
            exec /home/user/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/bin/wine-preloader-orig "$@"


            It saves the environment, except for WINESERVERSOCKET, in ~/env, the command to run and arguments in ~/cmd and runs the actual file with the arguments provided. It uses ASCII null characters to separate everything, since the actual environment variables may contain newlines.



            Note that I save the command with -orig added for convenience.



          2. Run the game from the Steam GUI. The wrapper script will create these files.



          3. You can load the environment and run the command from these files. In bash



            mapfile -d '' -t env < ~/env
            mapfile -d '' -t cmd < ~/cmd
            env "${env[@]}" "${cmd[@]}"


            -d '' here tells bash the files use the ASCII null character as delimiter.




          This much was sufficient for The Witcher to run for me. All of those environment variables probably won't be necessary. I leave it to you to test which aren't.





          Of course, all of these might be completely unnecessary. Looking at Steam's command-line options, we have:



          -applaunch <appID> [launch parameters]  Launches an Game or Application through Steam.


          And when I ran:



          steam -applaunch 20900 foo bar


          the Wine command was:



          "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine" "Z:$STEAMsteamappscommonThe Witcher Enhanced EditionSystemwitcher.exe" foo bar


          So Steam did pass on foo and bar as arguments to the game. This might be all you need.






          share|improve this answer















          Here's an experiment that may help you get the answer. For convenience, I'll refer to your default Steam library location as $STEAM (the default is ~/.local/share/Steam/). Proton is installed by default to $STEAM/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7, I'll call this $PROTON.



          So, when I tried running The Witcher, Steam ran this command:





          "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader" "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine" "Z:$STEAMsteamappscommonThe Witcher Enhanced EditionSystemwitcher.exe"


          Where $STEAM has backslashes instead of slashes, as it's a Windows path. In addition, it set something like 70 environment variables (related to Wine, Steam, various hardware/drivers, libraries, etc.). A single variable, WINESERVERSOCKET referred to the wine server started for this instance. If I omitted this variable and used all the rest, I could start the game from the command line.



          Steps:





          1. Replace $PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader with a wrapper script that saves the environment somewhere:



            PROTON="$HOME/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7" # adjust to your settings
            mv "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader" "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader-orig"
            printf "%sn" '#! /bin/sh' 'env --null | grep -vz WINESERVERSOCKET > ~/env' > "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader"
            printf 'exec %q "$@"n' "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader-orig" >> "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader"
            chmod +x "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine-preloader"


            The script is essentially this:



            #! /bin/sh
            env --null | grep -vz WINESERVERSOCKET= > ~/env
            printf "%s" "$0"-orig "$@" > ~/cmd
            exec /home/user/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/Proton 3.7/dist/bin/wine-preloader-orig "$@"


            It saves the environment, except for WINESERVERSOCKET, in ~/env, the command to run and arguments in ~/cmd and runs the actual file with the arguments provided. It uses ASCII null characters to separate everything, since the actual environment variables may contain newlines.



            Note that I save the command with -orig added for convenience.



          2. Run the game from the Steam GUI. The wrapper script will create these files.



          3. You can load the environment and run the command from these files. In bash



            mapfile -d '' -t env < ~/env
            mapfile -d '' -t cmd < ~/cmd
            env "${env[@]}" "${cmd[@]}"


            -d '' here tells bash the files use the ASCII null character as delimiter.




          This much was sufficient for The Witcher to run for me. All of those environment variables probably won't be necessary. I leave it to you to test which aren't.





          Of course, all of these might be completely unnecessary. Looking at Steam's command-line options, we have:



          -applaunch <appID> [launch parameters]  Launches an Game or Application through Steam.


          And when I ran:



          steam -applaunch 20900 foo bar


          the Wine command was:



          "$PROTON/dist/bin/wine" "Z:$STEAMsteamappscommonThe Witcher Enhanced EditionSystemwitcher.exe" foo bar


          So Steam did pass on foo and bar as arguments to the game. This might be all you need.







          share|improve this answer














          share|improve this answer



          share|improve this answer








          edited Oct 9 '18 at 16:25

























          answered Oct 9 '18 at 16:17









          murumuru

          1




          1

























              0














              I have found the solution thanks to some help by aeikum on the steam proton github :



              https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4B6EsXtL8C0






              share|improve this answer




























                0














                I have found the solution thanks to some help by aeikum on the steam proton github :



                https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4B6EsXtL8C0






                share|improve this answer


























                  0












                  0








                  0







                  I have found the solution thanks to some help by aeikum on the steam proton github :



                  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4B6EsXtL8C0






                  share|improve this answer













                  I have found the solution thanks to some help by aeikum on the steam proton github :



                  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4B6EsXtL8C0







                  share|improve this answer












                  share|improve this answer



                  share|improve this answer










                  answered Jan 25 at 22:27









                  tatsutatsu

                  203331




                  203331






























                      draft saved

                      draft discarded




















































                      Thanks for contributing an answer to Ask Ubuntu!


                      • Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!

                      But avoid



                      • Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.

                      • Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.


                      To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.




                      draft saved


                      draft discarded














                      StackExchange.ready(
                      function () {
                      StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2faskubuntu.com%2fquestions%2f1079459%2ferror-on-executing-steam-play-game-via-command-line-proton%23new-answer', 'question_page');
                      }
                      );

                      Post as a guest















                      Required, but never shown





















































                      Required, but never shown














                      Required, but never shown












                      Required, but never shown







                      Required, but never shown

































                      Required, but never shown














                      Required, but never shown












                      Required, but never shown







                      Required, but never shown







                      Popular posts from this blog

                      How to make a Squid Proxy server?

                      Is this a new Fibonacci Identity?

                      19世紀